记录一次微前端实践

技术选型

• 微前端框架：qiankun
• 主应用：angular 16
• 子应用：angular 16

项目搭建

主应用配置

1. 安装 qiankun
2. 增加子应用加载入口组件 micro-app.component.ts

   import { Component, ElementRef, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';
   import { MicroApp, loadMicroApp } from 'qiankun';
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'micro-app',
     template: `
       <div id="haydnSccMicroApp"></div>
     `,
   })
   export class MicroAppComponent {
     public loading = true;
     public microApp: MicroApp;
   
     public port = this.route.snapshot.data.port;
     public name = this.route.snapshot.data.name;
   
     constructor(
       private el: ElementRef,
       private route: ActivatedRoute
     ) {}
   
     ngAfterViewInit() {
       this.microApp = loadMicroApp(
         {
           name: this.name,
           entry: this.getSubAppEntry(),
           container: this.el.nativeElement,
         },
         {
           singular: true,
         },
         {
           afterMount: () => {
             this.loading = false;
             return Promise.resolve();
           },
         }
       );
     }
   
     ngOnDestroy() {
       this.microApp.unmount();
     }
   
     getSubAppEntry() {
       // 开发模式加载子应用
       if (location.hostname === 'localhost') {
         const { hostname } = location;
         return `//${hostname}:${this.port}`;
       }
   
       // 线上环境根据项目部署方式调整
     }
   }
   

3. 路由配置

   import { MicroAppComponent } from './micro-app.component';
   
   const defaultRoutes: Routes = [
    {
      path: 'sub-app',
      canActivateChild: [],
      children: [
        {
          path: '**',
          component: MicroAppComponent,
          data: { port: '4200', name: 'sub-app' }, // name值与子应用package.json中name对应
        },
      ],
    },
   ]
   

4. 在入口启动 qiankun

   import { start } from 'qiankun';
   
   // start();
   // 这里踩坑了，具体问题参考 https://github.com/single-spa/single-spa-angular/issues/529#issuecomment-2503746846
   start({ urlRerouteOnly: false });
   

子应用配置

1. 添加文件 src/public-path.js

   if (window.__POWERED_BY_QIANKUN__) {
     // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
     __webpack_public_path__ = window.__INJECTED_PUBLIC_PATH_BY_QIANKUN__;
   }
   

2. 修改 main.ts

   // 以下方式从实践来看存在变更检测的问题
   // import './public-path';
   // import { NgModuleRef, enableProdMode } from '@angular/core';
   // import { platformBrowserDynamic } from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
   
   // import { AppModule } from './app/app.module';
   // import { environment } from './environments/environment';
   
   // if (environment.production) {
   //   enableProdMode();
   // }
   
   // let app: void | NgModuleRef<AppModule>;
   
   // async function render() {
   //   app = await platformBrowserDynamic()
   //     .bootstrapModule(AppModule, { ngZone: (window as any).ngZone })
   //     .catch(err => {});
   // }
   
   // if (!(window as any).__POWERED_BY_QIANKUN__) {
   //   render();
   // }
   
   // export async function bootstrap(props: any) {}
   
   // export async function mount(props: any) {
   //   render();
   // }
   
   // export async function unmount(props: any) {
   //   if (app) {
   //     app.destroy();
   //   }
   // }
   
   import './public-path';
   import { enableProdMode, NgZone } from '@angular/core';
   import { Router } from '@angular/router';
   import { platformBrowserDynamic } from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
   import { singleSpaAngular, getSingleSpaExtraProviders } from 'single-spa-angular';
   
   import { AppModule } from './app/app.module';
   import { environment } from './environments/environment';
   
   if (environment.production) {
     enableProdMode();
   }
   
   if (!(window as any).__POWERED_BY_QIANKUN__) {
     platformBrowserDynamic()
       .bootstrapModule(AppModule)
       .catch(err => {});
   }
   
   const { bootstrap, mount, unmount } = singleSpaAngular({
     bootstrapFunction: singleSpaProps => {
       return platformBrowserDynamic(getSingleSpaExtraProviders()).bootstrapModule(AppModule);
     },
     template: '<sub-app-root />',
     Router,
     NgZone,
   });
   
   export { bootstrap, mount, unmount };
   

3. 修改 src\polyfills.ts，注释掉 zone.js 的引入
4. 修改 webpack 配置

   const appName = require('../package.json').name;
   const DefinePlugin = require('webpack/lib/DefinePlugin');
   const { merge } = require('webpack-merge');
   
   module.exports = (angularWebpackConfig, options) => {
     const config = {
       devServer: {
         headers: {
           'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
         },
       },
       output: {
         library: `${appName}-[name]`,
         libraryTarget: 'umd',
         chunkLoadingGlobal: `webpackJsonp_${appName}`,
       },
     };
   
     const mergedConfig = merge(angularWebpackConfig, config);
     return mergedConfig;
   };
   

5. 修改路由配置

   import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
   import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';
   import { LayoutEmptyComponent } from '../layout/empty/empty.component';
   
   const routes: Routes = [
     {
       path: 'sub-app', // 此处需要定义与主项目中相同的路由
       children: [],
     },
     {
       path: '**', // 必须要定义，否则匹配不到路由时会报错
       component: LayoutEmptyComponent,
     },
   ];
   
   @NgModule({
     imports: [
       RouterModule.forRoot(routes, {
         useHash: true,
         scrollPositionRestoration: 'top',
       }),
     ],
     exports: [RouterModule],
     // 为什么不采用下面的方式，而是重复定义与主项目相同的路由名称？
     // 通过 routerLink 跳转时会自动带上 /sub-app 前缀，要跳转到非当前子应用路由时路径会错误，而使用上面的方法可以直接使用routerLink跳转到非当前子应用定义的路由页面
     providers: [
      { provide: APP_BASE_HREF, useValue: window.__POWERED_BY_QIANKUN__ ? '/sub-app' : '/' },
    ],
   })
   export class RouteRoutingModule {}